Search results for "Negative ions"

showing 7 items of 7 documents

Multiconfigurational second-order perturbation study of the decomposition of the radical anion of nitromethane

2004

The doublet potential energy surfaces involved in the decomposition of the nitromethane radical anion (CH(3)NO(2) (-)) have been studied by using the multistate extension of the multiconfigurational second-order perturbation method (MS-CASPT2) in conjunction with large atomic natural orbital-type basis sets. A very low energy barrier is found for the decomposition reaction: CH(3)NO(2) (-)--[CH(3)NO(2)](-)--CH(3)+NO(2) (-). No evidence has been obtained on the existence of an isomerization channel leading to the initial formation of the methylnitrite anion (CH(3)ONO(-)) which, in a subsequent reaction, would yield nitric oxide (NO). In contrast, it is suggested that NO is formed through the …

Potential Energy SurfacesNitromethaneOrganic CompoundsGeneral Physics and AstronomyOrganic Compounds ; Negative Ions ; Potential Energy Surfaces ; Dissociation ; Ion-Molecule Reactions ; Perturbation Theory ; Density Functional Theory ; SCF CalculationsSCF CalculationsPotential energyDissociation (chemistry)UNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaIonIon-Molecule Reactionschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryComputational chemistryPerturbation TheoryNegative IonsDensity functional theorySymmetry breakingPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]IsomerizationDissociationDensity Functional TheoryChemical decompositionThe Journal of Chemical Physics
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Low-temperature molecular layer deposition using monifunctional aromatic precursors and ozone-based ring-opening reactions

2017

Molecular layer deposition (MLD) is an increasingly used deposition technique for producing thin coatings consisting of purely organic or hybrid inorganic-organic materials. When organic materials are prepared, low deposition temperatures are often required to avoid decomposition, thus causing problems with low vapor pressure precursors. Monofunctional compounds have higher vapor pressures than traditional bi- or trifunctional MLD precursors, but do not offer the required functional groups for continuing the MLD growth in subsequent deposition cycles. In this study, we have used high vapor pressure monofunctional aromatic precursors in combination with ozone-triggered ring-opening reactions…

Vapor pressureHydrostatic pressure02 engineering and technologyphenols01 natural sciencesdepositionchemistry.chemical_compoundhybrid materialsElectrochemistryGeneral Materials Sciencecharacterizationinfrared spectroscopyta116Spectroscopyring opening reactionTrifluoromethylvapor pressurehybrid organic-inorganiclow-temperatureSurfaces and Interfacesself assembly021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physicsdecay (organic)hydrostatic pressure0210 nano-technologyHybrid materialLayer (electronics)Inorganic chemistryta221mechanismnegative ions010402 general chemistrycomplex mixturesinorganic coatingsBenzaldehydeAtomic layer depositionPhenolta216ta115ta114aromatic compoundsmonofunctional aromaticstemperature0104 chemical sciencesozonechemistryALDatomic layer depositionMLDLangmuir
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Magnetic exchange interaction in a pair of orbitally degenerate ions: Magnetic anisotropy of [Ti2Cl9]−3

2001

The theory of the kinetic exchange in a pair of orbitally degenerate ions developed by the authors [J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 200 (1998)] is applied to the case of face-shared bioctahedral dimer (overall D3h-symmetry). The effective kinetic exchange Hamiltonian is found for a 2T2–2T2 system taking into account all relevant transfer pathways and charge-transfer crystal field states. The influence of different transfer integrals involved in the kinetic exchange on the energy pattern and magnetic properties of the system is examined. The role of other related interactions (trigonal crystal field, spin–orbit coupling) is also discussed in detail. Using the pseudoangular momentum representation and …

Condensed matter physicsChemistryDegenerate energy levelsGeneral Physics and AstronomyTrigonal crystal systemKinetic energyNegative ionsExchange interactions (electron)Magnetic exchangeIonUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaMagnetic anisotropysymbols.namesakeTitanium compounds ; Magnetic anisotropy ; Negative ions ; Exchange interactions (electron)Quantum mechanicssymbolsTitanium compoundsPhysical and Theoretical Chemistry:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)Magnetic anisotropy
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A quantum mechanics-molecular mechanics study of dissociative electron transfer : The methylchloride radical anion in aqueous solution

2002

The dissociative electron transfer reaction CH3Cl+e−→CH3•+Cl− in aqueous solution is studied by using a QM/MM method. In this work the quantum subsystem (a methylchloride molecule plus an electron) is described using density functional theory while the solvent (300 water molecules) is described using the TIP3P classical potential. By means of molecular dynamics simulations and the thermodynamic integration technique we obtained the potential of mean force (PMF) for the carbon–chlorine bond dissociation of the neutral and radical anion species. Combining these two free energy curves we found a quadratic dependence of the activation free energy on the reaction free energy in agreement with Ma…

Aqueous solutionChemistryGeneral Physics and AstronomyThermodynamic integrationFree radicalsMolecular dynamics methodOrganic compounds ; Dissociation ; Charge exchange ;Free radicals ; Negative ions ; Molecular dynamics method ; Digital simulationKinetic energyNegative ionsUNESCO::FÍSICA::Química físicaMolecular dynamicsElectron transferQuantum mechanicsOrganic compoundsMoleculeDensity functional theoryPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryPotential of mean forcePhysics::Chemical PhysicsCharge exchangeDigital simulation:FÍSICA::Química física [UNESCO]Dissociation
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A two-dimensional magnetic architecture with bridging polynitrile and 2,2′-bipyrimidine ligands

2004

cited By 7; International audience; A new polymeric, two-dimensional compound [Co2(bpym)(dcne) 4 (H2O)2] (1) (dcne = [(CN)2CC(O) OEt)]- = 2,2-dicyano-1-ethoxyethenolate anion and bpym = 2,2'-bipyrimidine) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray crystallography. The structure is monoclinic space group P21/a and consists of two-dimensional networks of octahedrally coordinated Co(II) ions, bridged by bis-bidentate 2,2'-bipyrimidine and μ2-dcne anions. Magnetic measurements revealed a broad maximum in the xm vs T plot at 20 K which is characteristic of antiferromagnetic exchange between the high spin cobalt(II) centres. © EDP Sciences.

StereochemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementCrystal structure010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesNegative ionsCobalt complexesIonAntiferromagnetismTransition metal[CHIM]Chemical SciencesAntiferromagnetism2.2'-bipyrimidine010405 organic chemistryOrganic polymersSpace groupX ray crystallographyMagnetic measurementsMagnetic susceptibility3. Good health0104 chemical sciencesCrystallographychemistrySynthesis (chemical)CobaltMonoclinic crystal systemJournal de Physique IV (Proceedings)
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Carbon nanotubes embedded in a polyimide foil for proton acceleration with a sub-ns laser

2021

A series of thin films made of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) embedded in a polyimide substrate was designed, fabricated and used for the first time to accelerate protons and C ions by interaction with a sub-nanosecond, high power laser beam (600 J energy and 300 ps pulse width) with peak intensity of about 3 × 1016 W/cm2 on target. Each target was 5 μm thick, and the composite material contained CNTs aligned in different directions in the substrate. The results obtained from the analysis of a Thomson Parabola spectrometer, and of the spots imprinted by ions on a series of PM355 nuclear track detectors, indicate high energies (up to 3 MeV for protons and 9 MeV for C ions) and a marked infl…

Ion sources (positive ionsMaterials scienceProtonbusiness.industrySettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariCarbon nanotubeLaserNegative ionsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della Materialaw.inventionElectron beam (EBIS))AccelerationManufacturinglawOptoelectronicsPolyimide foilbusinessElectron cyclotron resonance (ECR)InstrumentationMathematical Physics
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Investigation of ISIS and Brookhaven National Laboratory ion source electrodes after extended operation.

2012

Linac4 accelerator of Centre Européen de Recherches Nucléaires is under construction and a RFdriven H− ion source is being developed. The beam current requirement for Linac4 is very challenging: 80 mA must be provided. Cesiated plasma discharge ion sources such as Penning or magnetron sources are also potential candidates. Accelerator ion sources must achieve typical reliability figures of 95% and above. Investigating and understanding the underlying mechanisms involved with source failure or ageing is critical when selecting the ion source technology. Plasma discharge driven surface ion sources rely on molybdenum cathodes. Deformation of the cathode surfaces is visible after extended opera…

Materials scienceNuclear engineeringchemistry.chemical_elementnegative ionsLinear particle acceleratorIonlaw.inventionion sourceslawSputteringPenning dischargesInstrumentationlinear acceleratorsplasma sourcesta114Particle acceleratorIon sourceCathodeplasma transport processesAnodechemistryparticle beam extractionMolybdenumAtomic physicssputteringmolybdeeniThe Review of scientific instruments
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